The Shang And Zhou Documents Essay Research free essay sample

The Shang And Zhou Documents Essay, Research Paper How would we cognize what we think about the Shang and Zhou human advancements? The data and comprehension that archeologists and historiographers have assembled about the Shang and Zhou civic establishments originate from archeological locales each piece great as from antiquated genuine writings. The two biggest locales for the Shang human progress are the Zhengzhou and the Anyang destinations. At Zhengzhou, there was a divider environing the capital city which ran 2385 foot long, 30 foot high and 60 foots expansive ( the solid size of the divider demonstrates that the Shang developments had the capacity to non only structure and utilize huge gatherings of work powers yet close to activate them for extensive stretches of clasp, varying to build such a divider ) . Prophet castanetss uncovered the convictions and happenings of the developments. They were utilized by the male ruler and soothsayers as far of imparting among themselves and the higher presences ( the male ruler would ask the alcohols requests about the great beyond or a present place of employment an d the answer would direct him in his assurance or elucidate an occasion ) . We will compose a custom paper test on The Shang And Zhou Documents Essay Research or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page These requests, answers and O utcomes would be recorded on the tortoise shells or on the shoulder bones of bulls, demonstrating the events of harvest disappointments, imperial births or wars and attack of untouchables which undermined the harmony. The burial places of royals additionally show the conviction of eternal life in both the Shang and the Zhou societies. The burial places of regal Shang lords contain vessels and bronze tomahawks as well as proof of live internments (in spite of the fact that in the Zhou time frames, live entombments were progressively supplanted by human sculptures as opposed to real people). The antiquated content of the Classic of Documents show how the Zhou put stock in the idea of a Mandate from Heaven (maybe a method of defending their ousting of the Shang culture). The Mandate expresses that a paradise picks and engages a ruler with the option to decide relying on the prerequisite that he is honest and astute in his handlings of regulatory obligations just as in his treatment of h is subjects (just as rehearsing religion devotedly). In any case, if the pioneer damages these conditions, paradise will remove his entitlement to lead by offering capacity to another decision family.

What do we learn about the society of Messina in the play ‘Much Ado About Nothing’?

We characterize society as some place where we live, our environmental factors, something in which we live, or as the oxford word reference would state A gathering of people extensively recognized from different gatherings by shared interests, cooperation in trademark connections, shared organizations, and a typical culture. There are numerous things that have an influence in our general public, for example, instruction and recreation interests, and this is indistinguishable to the Elizabethan occasions and Messina. Messina is the town wherein the play ‘Much Ado About Nothing' is set. There are a wide range of focuses in the play that let us know of the a wide range of parts of society in Messina and what the town resembles all in all. Anyway it strikes me as somewhat odd with respect to why Shakespeare set this play in a town numerous individuals at the time would not have thought about. He could have simply set it in the hurrying around of London, however rather picked Messina. For one Shakespeare picked Messina in view of the simplicity he could utilize ‘noting'. He could remember it for his play and the crowd would realize it fit Messina, this is on the grounds that like London, Messina is an exceptionally bustling town, and in towns like that news spreads quick, another explanation is that in light of the fact that numerous in Messina are not also off as others, individuals will need to know things that they can use against others, a method of getting cash, and a speedy way. Other motivation behind why Shakespeare has picked Messina is that some since they suit the play better, and some since they suit him better. Right off the bat, Messina is a hurly beefy seaport town, which was thus a great deal like London, anyway Shakespeare would have likewise picked it since he could have made funniness simpler. He could taunt the open figures, and the eminence, and even counterfeit the Spanish for losing to England (Messina was a piece of the Spanish domain, and not very some time before had the English vanquished the Spanish †the Spanish Armada) unafraid of anything, though on the off chance that he would have done this in England he could have been set up for treachery. Notwithstanding him setting the play in Messina, which is a genuinely obscure spot to the vast majority of the crowd, he despite everything gets the crowd to connect with specific characters in the play. The most recognizable character in the play, and the one most Elizabethans could have related with would have been the two watches, Dogberry and Verges. This would have been on the grounds that watches like these two would have additionally been around in London, yet not exactly so moronic. These reasons are significant in the play and the picture of the general public of Messina we get from the play. Taking note of is completely through the play anyway it is at times intentionally done, the most clear is when Don Pedro, Leonato and Caudio are pulling a prank on Benedick into imagining that Beatrice cherishes him â€Å"O ay, tail on, tail on, the fowl site †I never feel that woman would have adored any man† Act 2 Scene 5 Line 89-90 (The change proceeds from line 86to line 206) Employment is a significant contributing component to any town's general public. In Messina I get the inclination most are utilized on the port, something in which the town was renowned for. I have additionally gotten the possibility that most in the town are common laborers, anyway the fundamental characters in the play will in general be higher class. Leonato is the legislative head of Messina, anyway he is the not the most noteworthy positioned individual in the play. Leonato is an affluent man, with one little girl, Hero. I get the thought he is the wealthiest individual in Messina, with Antonio not far behind. Be that as it may, when Don Pedro, Don John and Claudio enter they give us an alternate knowledge into work in Messina. I feel that nobody in Messina is really engaged with war, as these three are praised when they show up home. Consequently demonstrating that it was uncommon to have individuals in Messina taking on in Conflict. Wear Pedro is sovereignty, and is additionally an extremely well off man. He has gotten all his cash from legacy and has just at any point worked with the military, taking on in conflicts. Dogberry is a normal common laborers man, and I ame demonstrated this as he is in the activity of watch at Leonato's château. An ineffectively paid, exhausting employment that anybody can without much of a stretch meet all requirements for. As we probably am aware numerous Messinians don't have all the earmarks of being secured with work, and have an extremely dynamic public activity. They regularly prefer to move and sing, which is an all the time event in the Elizabethan days. I get some answers concerning a veiled ball that a considerable lot of the town individuals go to, and apparently they are largely cheerfully getting a charge out of the occasion. This appears as though it is an ordinary event in the town that everybody joyfully appreciates. It is additionally a superb spot for ‘noting' to go on. It is additionally a significant part in the play as this is the place most noticing can go on, however the joke is that nobody knows who each other is, it makes the topic of hallucination and misleading as we discover when Beatrice is conversing with a ‘masked pal' yet we as a whole realize the it is truly Benedick. Why, he is the Prince's Jester, a dull imbecile; onlhis blessing is conceiving outlandish defamations. None however profligates get a kick out of him, and the honor isn't in his mind, yet in his villainy; for he both satisfies men and rankles them, and afterward they snicker at him and beat him. I am certain he is in the armada; I wo uld he had boarded me† Act 2 Scene 1 Line 120-126 (The discussion carries on from line 120 to 137) The conduct of individuals on the town is by all accounts in general awesome. Anyway that is the early introduction, we really perceive how Messina is very degenerate with numerous subtle scoundrels. Right off the bat however I feel that the Messinians treat pariahs quite well, particularly eminence, as we see from the welcome Don Pedro, Don John and Claudio get. â€Å"Never came inconvenience to my home in the resemblance of your effortlessness. For inconvenience being gone, comfornt ought to remain, however when you withdraw from me, distress stands and satisfaction takes his leave† Act 1 Scene 1 Line 86-89 Leonato offers the eminence much appreciation and gives them most extreme custom. The Messinians cause everything to go up in standard, and this gives indications of them making a special effort to the appearance of the sovereignty. Likewise the prologue to everybody in Act 1 Scene 1 is long, it goes on from lines 83 to 141 until everybody is acquainted with one another. Anyway there is a substantially more degenerate side to the town of Messina, as we discover later in the play, anybody will be unscrupulous and sell out individuals in the event that it includes a minimal expenditure. The fiendishness on comes into the play when Don John shows up as he is the fundamental scoundrel in the play, and we discover how he is the minds behind the majority of the plots, however never wishes to get his hands grimy. â€Å"Therefore I have earned of Don John a thousand ducats† Act 3 Scene 3 Line 105-6 This gives us how Don John is glad to part with cash as it completes the shrewd deed yet in addition keeps him separate from the condition when somebody is getting the fault. People both assume significant jobs in this play, anyway are dealt with in an unexpected way. Men are clearly the unrivaled sex in this play, which is extremely typical for the time this play was performed. The man they are either hitched to or a dad and they truly own the ladies. At the point when the big day goes along they father of the girl will pass her to the spouse to now ‘look after'. â€Å"Give me this servant your little girl? Act 4 Scene 1 Line 23 â€Å"As openly child as God gave her me† Act 4 Scene 1 Line 24 Claudio talks about Hero as though Leonato possesses her, and afterward Leonato is affirming that the responsibility for is changing from himself to Claudio. They likewise appear to have other demeanor towards affection and marriage. They appear to maintain orchestrated relationshi ps, anyway some clearly don't. The vast majority of the more youthful characters in the play are single, anyway are pursuing affection however just can't discover it. In the event that they are hitched they must be fundamentally the same as, as in from a similar foundation, with a similar childhood. They additionally consider it significant for a lady to be unchased before her big day, as this is the best thing a dad can offer. I can tell this as when Leonato discovers saint is ‘unchased' at that point the blasts into an attack of fierceness â€Å"Wherefore? Why, doth few out of every odd natural thing, Cry disgrace upon her? Might she be able to here deny, Do not live Hero, don't open thine eyes† Act 4 Scene 1 Line 118 †120) (This enragement carries on from line 118 to 141) The economic wellbeing likewise gives us an astounding understanding to the general public of Messina. Somebody like Benedick or Don Pedro, both exceptionally smart, commonly gives us somebody from the privileged. The two of them have decent training, very articulate and furthermore clever. â€Å"Then is kindness a turncoat. Be that as it may, it is sure I am adored all things considered, just you excepted, and I would I was unable to discover in my heart that I had a hard heart, for really I love none. † Act 1 Scene 1 Lines 109-112 This shows how clever and brisk terminated Benedick is when talking with Beatrice from lines 109 to 130 in Act 1 Scene 1 of the play. Anyway the lower and common laborers is a totally extraordinary story. The character from which we get most data about the regular workers is Dogberry, for one his name is all around picked as Dogberry implied Dog Rose, this is a typical rose, and is deliberately picked to suit his class in the play. Anyway we additionally find out about his group through his lines in the play. â€Å"Your are thought here to be the most silly and fit man for the constable of watch†¦ † Act 3 Scene 3 Line 21-23 We can see structure his communicated in language he is likewise normal, he attempts to be clever in the play, yet is continually committing errors, by saying an inappropriate word, as in this concentrate where he says â€Å"senseless† rather than reasonable. This is a successful method of making humor yet in addition a compelling route in demonstrating us to the social foundation of this character. â€Å"She's nevertheless the indication of similarity to her respect Behold how like a house cleaner she becomes flushed here! † Act 4 Scene 1 Lines 31-32 This is the part in w

To Maintain Abstinence Avoid Substituting Addictions

To Maintain Abstinence Avoid Substituting Addictions Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Print Avoid Substituting Addictions to Maintain Abstinence Compulsive Behavior Is Not Beneficial to Recovery By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on February 21, 2020 WilliamsHirakawa/Stone/Getty Images More in Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Overcoming Addiction Personal Stories Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Alcoholics and addicts new to recovery commonly substitute one addiction for another, becoming compulsively involved in other activities. Activities like work or exercise can be healthy and productive, but if they become a transfer of addictions they can hamper recovery. One goal of recovery and learning to live a sober lifestyle is to regain control over your life and your choices. Compulsive behavior, even with productive activities, does not allow you to exercise free choice and is not within your control. Being out of control in any area of your life does not lead to true sobriety in the long run. Common Compulsive Behaviors That Are Substitutes One common compulsive activity for people new to recovery is workaholismâ€"which means becoming compulsive about your work, career, or job search. Working and improving your financial situation are noble goals, but if youre working more than full time or spending most of your time thinking or talking about work, the behavior may be compulsive. Are You Addicted to Work? The same is true with working out. Exercise can be beneficial to people in recovery, but research shows that long-term sobriety can be hampered if an exercise program becomes compulsive and a substitute for former addictive behaviors. Unhealthy Compulsive Behaviors Its also common for alcoholics and addicts in recovery to substitute addictions that are not productive or healthy. For example, a popular substitute is for alcoholics to begin smoking marijuana, which is known as marijuana maintenance. Addicts who used heroin or methamphetamine will also substitute marijuana, often citing the argument that marijuana is not nearly as harmful. There are many other behaviors that can become compulsive such as gambling, sex, video games, shopping. Is Compulsive Shopping Really an Addiction? If you are in follow-up care in a professional rehab program, your counselor will point out the dangers of substituting these unhealthy behaviors, which can easily lead to a relapse and are counter-productive to your long-term recovery. Try to Find a Balance in Your Life Your continuing care treatment counselor will ask you about your activities in recovery and try to determine if you are becoming compulsive with any of your behaviors. This is a topic discussed by most counselors because substituting addictions is such a common occurrence. You will be encouraged to make recovery-related activities a top priority of the structure of your daily schedule. Your counselor will remind you of the importance of meeting your personal needs and the benefit of relaxation and leisure activities. The key to longterm recovery is finding a balance in your life by working, relaxing, eating well, exercising, getting enough sleep, and avoiding overscheduling and overworking. Are Addictive Behaviors Addictions? One Exception to the Substitution Rule One area of compulsive behavior that your counselor likely wont discourage is getting involved in a 12-step or support group program. People new to recovery sometimes become compulsive about participating in support groupsâ€"at times even attending several meetings a day. In the early months of your rehab, your counselor will probably encourage your active participation in Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous, Cocaine Anonymous, and/or other mutual support groups. Although this recovery behavior can become compulsive to the point that you develop a dependency on your group, those issues will be addressed by your counselor at a later point in your recovery. How to Choose an Addiction Recovery Program

Its Time to Move Beyound Race Essay - 583 Words

In Michael Omi and Howard Winant’s essay â€Å"Racial Formation†, we see how the tendency to assign each individual a specific race as misleading. This essay suggests that race is not merely biological, but rather lays more in sociology and historical perspective. Once we look at someone and say, â€Å"They’re white†, it brings forth all the stereotype’s that go along with that â€Å"race†, and once the race is assigned, it is assumed that we can know something about the person. Indeed, if we were to accept that people do fall nicely into specific races, it would seem to ascribe a sort of universality to the group. In other words, if a black man from Kenya was raised in Chicago, IL, rather than Kenya, due to his biological race, it could be assumed the†¦show more content†¦This also doesn’t convince us that attributing every individual to a certain category is even beneficial or necessary. Ultimately, the paper states that once we designate someone as a certain race, we then have a basis to differentiate ourselves. This serves a people in power the most, as when the Irish-Americans, though viewed as somewhat unruly, were still able to enter and run for public office because of naturalization laws of the late nineteenth century. Once it was established in the United States that there were competing groups out there in the labor force, namely African, Asian, Latin, and Mexican-Americans, it became advantageous to draw a color line to create a large group, those of lighter skin color, to raise and continue to hold the power through numbers and mass alone. Once it becomes established that a group’s tendencies are of a natural prescription, as in the â€Å"Ethnic Notions† film, and once the greater society adheres to the simple guidelines fed to them, the argument is then taken out of the minority group’s hands. â€Å"Immutable† then would describe the group lacking power enough to break the stereotype. This social construction of race, one that lumps a mass of people into an ambiguous category, becomes an enigma. In order for the group to break free from this, they must acquire a perspective, but their morale is so beaten that they are happy to have any place in the society, so the enigma grows. One thing is evident; we couldShow MoreRelatedMarriage and Cohabitation13809 Words   |  56 Pagesgood or bad times, it remains through sickness or health, no matter what happens throughout the years, as marriage continually exist between two individual until death comes. Anthropologist have proposed several competting definition of marriage so as to encompass the wide variety of marital practices observed across cultures. Edvard Westermack in his book, the history of marriage, 1992, defines marriage as a mere or less durable connection between males and females, lasting beyound the mere act

The Relationship Between Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy ( Dmd )

The ability to walk is something that our society seems to take for granted. A neuromuscular disease can take that ability away instantly. As with any neuromuscular disease, the body’s muscles are specifically attacked. Normally that attack is caused by a lack or mutation of a specific gene. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) has a direct relationship with a lack of dystrophin synthesis. It is possible that the dystrophin synthesis can be increased by manipulation of microRNA-31. When looking at a potential therapy or cure, it is important to recognize exactly how the disease affects the body. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is one of the most severe myopathies, or muscle diseases (Cacchiarelli et al). To be diagnosed with DMD, a patient must have a mutation in the dystrophin gene present (Muscular Dystrophy Association). Moreover, that mutation in the gene is what causes the lack of dystrophin synthesis. Dystrophin is protein in the body that keeps the muscles intact (Muscul ar Dystrophy Association). Therefore, a lack of dystrophin causes the muscles to deteriorate; which is identified as dystrophy. When the body lacks strong healthy muscle, it does not only become weak; the body itself begins to shut down. Our organs depend on the muscles that allow us to walk, eat, and breathe to provide energy, nutrients, and oxygen. For this reason, DMD eventually leads to a short life. Due to the genetic attributions of DMD, there are specific demographics affected normally. DMDShow MoreRelatedPublic Relations ( Pr )1726 Words   |  7 Pages(Ledingham Bruning, 1998). This report aims to analyse how PR can specifically support the DMD Foundation to achieve its awareness and fundraising objectives. A common definition of PR will be examined, breaking down its key elements, followed by a discussion regarding the overarching role of PR within organisations, specifically in the non-profit sector, highlighting the positive impact that PR could have on the DMD Foundat ion. Discussion 3.1 Defining Public Relations The subsequent

Ford Model T - 1057 Words

The 1920 s were a time where North America became modernized. Whether it was the music, the culture or the growth in technology, this time era is known to most people as the point where America advanced itself to become a world renowned country. An advancement that will be focused on is the Ford Model T. During this time owning a car was a symbol of wealth. Henry Ford, the creator of the Model T, made a system that revolutionized the automobile industry as we know it today. Henry Ford made it possible for people with an average income to own a motor vehicle by creating the assembly line and the theory of mass production. The horse, which had been the chief means of land transportation for 3,500 years, had given way to the automobile, and†¦show more content†¦With the introductions of the Model T, the assembly line and the method of mass production created many new jobs. The Model T s low price allowed everyone that was making a good salary to buy a car. It helped out societ y by giving people jobs especially at around this time when there was a lot of immigration in the United States and people needed jobs. This vast production stimulated many other businesses: The steel, rubber, and glass industries flourished. Construction companies boomed as highways and garages were built. Oil companies, rapidly losing their kerosene business to the spread of electricity, more than made up for it with increased gasoline sales.(Gordon) As a whole it changed the economy at the time but in the long run it changed what society is today. It created mass production which is now our way of production and it changed all of working America with the numerous amounts of jobs it created. As more Americans owned cars, urbanization patterns changed. The United States saw the growth of suburbia, the creation of a national highway system, and a population entranced with the possibility of going anywhere anytime. (http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blford.htm) The Model T is proven to be one of the greatest innovations that had helped the future of what America is today. If it weren t for the creation of Ford s Model T which led to the introduction of the assembly line and the concept of mass production, America s economyShow MoreRelatedHenry Ford : Model T935 Words   |  4 PagesHenry Ford - Model T Henry Ford is famous and well known as a businessman, founder of the Ford Motor Company, and helped in the development of the assembly line. Henry Ford was born on July 30, 1863 in Michigan. His mother was Mary Litogot Ford and his father was William Ford. They raised their son, Henry, on a farm in Wayne County, Michigan. Henry Ford was very unhappy with working at the farm he was raised on. 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The Ford Motor Company was based out of Detroit, Michigan (â€Å"Ford Motor Company† 1). The company was located in an old wagon factory (â€Å"Ford Motor Company† 1). Ford Motor Company released its first car in 1903 (â€Å"Automobile Design in the 1900s, 1900-1909† 2). That first car was a Model A (â€Å"Automobile DesignRead MoreThe United States Progress and Henry Ford Automobile Industry897 Words   |  4 PagesHenry Ford are what really allowed the country to become what it has. At the start of the 20th century Henry Ford sought after a way to quickly and affordably assemble a motor vehicle that would be viable and feasible to the working middle-class of America. By constructing and designing the Ford Model-T, he was able to change the way American’s commute from 1908 to present day. The production of the affordable Model-T changed the face of American travel evermore. 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The assembly line had a big impact that affected other companies by making production much faster. A wide variety of vehicles made patrons be interested in seeing what kind of inventions could be made nextRead MoreAn Overview On An Evolving Era1623 Words   |  7 PagesMadison Pohl Mrs. Christoffersen 11A – Era Research Paper 23 October 2015 An Innovating Era One of the most famous innovative engineers of all time, Henry Ford, once said, â€Å"You can t build a reputation on what you are going to do.† Between 1850 and 1914 the American people happened to be living by this. Everyone tried creating something to profit, not to satisfy American needs, but some Americans built a reputation doing the opposite of that. During the years between 1850 and 1914, Americans wereRead MoreThe Model T Revolutionized The Automotive Industry1125 Words   |  5 PagesHenry Ford began making cars, he felt that the automotive was destined to make the horse and carriage disappear. 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An Investigation of Barriers to Healthcare Upstream Supply Chain

Question: Discuss about the An Investigation of Barriers to Healthcare Upstream Supply Chain in India. Answer: Conclusion: The dissertation investigated the barriers of health care upstream supply chain in India. It has been observed that the health care providers in India have been largely affected by thesupply chain management issues. The health care sector in India has faced several issues in terms of its quality of services which has resulted in the inappropriate use of resources in enhancing the health care supply chain management practices. Additionally, in the recent times, the hospitals in India have faced severe pressure in terms of finding methods for reducing the costs while maintaining and ensuring the quality of services provided. The researcher has identified and analyzed the several factors and challenges that affect supply chain management in India. The researcher also emphasized upon the problems related to supply chainmanagement from the perspectives of the hospital and the doctors. The research also aimed at identifying the best suitable methods of mitigating the problems related to the supply chain management in the health care sector in India. The researcher has used both primary and secondary data collection methods in order to derive the appropriate results. The researcher conducted a questionnaire survey wherein a questionnaire comprising of ten questions were sent to 50 hospital personnel in India. The researcher has also used interview method in order to obtain more accurate and reliable information. Linking with objectives: To determine which factors affecting the upstream SCM of healthcare in India The researcher identified the major factors that affect the upstream supply chain management of health care in India as relationship with suppliers, specifications and standards, after procurement service and compatibility. The researcher found that majority of the respondents believed that the major factor that influenced up streaming supply chain management of healthcare in India is the specification and standard. Several respondents also believed that the major factor was the relationship with the suppliers. Therefore, it can be stated that two major factors that influence upstreaming supply chain management of healthcare in India are specification and standard and relationship with the suppliers. The researcher also analyzed the importance of timely delivery as one of the major factors that affect up streaming supply chain management of healthcare in India. The results showed that a majority of the respondents strongly agreed to the fact that timely delivery is one of the major factors that affect up streaming supply chain management of healthcare in India. The researcher also analyzed the importance of safety in supplying materials from one place to another and the results have proven that a majority of the respondents believe that safety is an important aspect in supplying materials from one place to another. Therefore, it can be stated that time delivery and safety are the most important factors that affect the up streaming supply chain management of healthcare in India. To examine issues that relate to healthcare SCM in a hospital to doctors and hospital perspective The researcher has attempted to identify the issues that relate to healthcare SCM in a hospital to doctors and hospital perspective. From the hospitals perspective, the researcher has observed that most of the respondents have strongly agreed to the fact that misplacement of medical equipments is the major issue that relates to healthcare SCM in a hospital to doctors and hospital perspective. This indicates that misplacement of medical equipments increases the procedure of medical function by creating complications in effective offering of services to the people in need of it. The researcher has also identified poor documentation as an issue that delays the supply chain process. On the other hand, from the perspectives of the doctors, the researcher has identified four major key issues namely misplacement of medical equipments, delays in the delivery of medical products, inferior quality of products and lack of appropriate sustainability certification. A majority of the doctors, who were surveyed, believed that misplacement of medical equipments was the major issue related to health care supply chain upstream for a hospital. The researcher has also identified that several doctors face issues with the quality of the products, cancel of shipments and re- order by the end of the suppliers. The researcher found that corrupt practices in India have been the major reason behind these issues. Lack of proper maintenance of vehicle have also been a a major issue that has negatively affected the quality of medicines. Therefore, it can be stated that improper maintenance of vehicles result in delays in the delivery of the medicines that affects the quality of the produ cts. To determine the various challenges affecting the SCM in healthcare providers in India The researcher has determined the several challenges that affect the supply chain in health care providers in India and has identified four basic challenges. These challenges involve lack of awareness regarding the supply chain management, deficiency of top management support in the supply chain management, poorly integrated Information system and lack of coordinated effort, strategic alliance formation, and knowledge sharing. A majority of the respondents believed deficiency of top management support in the supply chain management as the major challenge that affects the supply chain in health care providers in India. The researcher also identified inconsistency and inaccuracy in the product information as the major challenge that affects the supply chain in health care providers in India. The researcher found that several organizations have been using consolidates warehouse process in order to combine small shipments into larger shipment loads. The researcher also identified inability to meet changing demand pattern, limited communication among parties and incompetent cold chain management during transportation as the major challenges that have huge impact on the health care providers in India. A majority of the respondents have considered inability to meet changing demand pattern as the major challenge that impact health care providers in India. Therefore, it can be stated that inability to meet changing demand pattern and deficiency of top management support in the supply chain management are the major challenges identified in the health care sector in India. To suggest strategies used to mitigate the challenges identified in healthcare The major key strategies identified and surveyed by the researcher for mitigating the challenges faced by the health care sector were encouraging top management commitment, enhancing logistic synchronization, improving communication at every stage and staff training. The majority of respondents believed that encouraging the top management commitment was the best strategy to mitigate the challenges identified in health care. The researcher identified that the top management of the hospitals must manage to fulfil their objectives in less time so as to mitigate the challenges faced by the health care sector in India. This is possible only when the top management of the organizations are encouraged to operate the business process and obtain favourable results. The researcher has also determined that communication acts as a vital tool in making everyone aware of the present situation of supply chain management. A majority of the respondents strongly agreed to the fact that communication plays a vital role in making everyone aware of the current situation of supply chain management. This is because communication plays a vital role in making the staff members aware about their roles and responsibilities in the organization. The researcher has also identified that logistics synchronization can be enhanced by ensuring proper communication and incorporating technological advancements in the supply chain management. Recommendation: Based upon the data analysis and the conclusion, the researcher has suggested that the health care sector in India must emphasize upon time delivery and safety as they are the factors that affect the up streaming supply chain management of healthcare in India. It is also recommended to ensure specification and standard and relationship with the suppliers in order to upstream the supply chain management of healthcare in India. Proper maintenance of vehicles are necessary in order to avoid delays in the delivery of the medicines and to ensure the proper quality of the products. Misplacement of medical equipments has been identified as the major issue related to health care supply chain upstream for a hospital and must be avoided. The top management support in the supply chain management must be ensured as it has been identified as a major challenge that affects the supply chain in health care providers in India. Therefore, the top management of the organizations must be encouraged to operate the business process in order to obtain favourable results. Proper communication among parties and competent cold chain management during transportation must be ensured in order to avoid the challenges faced by the health care sector in India. Consistency and accuracy in the product information must be ensured in order to improve the efficiency of the supply chain management in the health care sector in India. Inability to meet changing demand pattern has also been observed to be a huge challenge in the health care sector in India and must be solved using appropriate logistics synchronization. The top management of the hospitals must manage to fulfil their objectives in less time so as to mitigate the challenges faced by the health care sector in India. Proper communication must also be ensured within the organizations so that all the staff members fulfil their duties and responsibilities as per the requirements. Limitations of the research: The major limitation of the research is that it was based upon questionnaire survey, which included direct answers from the respondents. The questionnaire were distributed via email as a large number of respondents were involved, which created issues while collecting the primary data. Time was a major constraint in this research as the researcher had to cover several aspects related to the health care sector in India within a short interval of time. The researcher required more time duration for conducting in depth analysis for obtaining proper results that would benefit the health care sector in India. Future scope of the study: Future scope of the study plays a vital role wherein the the uncovered parts of the research are explored as further research is required to improve those sections. The researcher has provided several opportunities for conducting further research on the research topic for exploring the the uncovered areas. The research does not provide information regarding the technologies that might be used in order to improve the efficiency of the supply chain management in the health care sector in India. Therefore, the future research shall require more time and effort to explore the uncovered areas. References: Bam, L., McLaren, Z.M., Coetzee, E. and von Leipzig, K.H., 2017. Reducing stock-outs of essential tuberculosis medicines: a system dynamics modelling approach to supply chain management.Health policy and planning,32(8), pp.1127-1134. Gardner, J.W., Linderman, K.W. and McFadden, K.L., 2018. Managing Quality Crossroads in Healthcare: An Integrative Supply Chain Perspective.Quality Management Journal,25(1), pp.2-17. Govindan, K., Kaliyan, M., Kannan, D. and Haq, A.N., 2014. Barriers analysis for green supply chain management implementation in Indian industries using analytic hierarchy process.International Journal of Production Economics,147, pp.555-568. Lee, H.K. and Fernando, Y., 2015. The antecedents and outcomes of the medical tourism supply chain.Tourism Management,46, pp.148-157. Mangan, J., Lalwani, C. and Lalwani, C.L., 2016.Global logistics and supply chain management. John Wiley Sons. Mani, V., Gunasekaran, A. and Delgado, C., 2018. Enhancing supply chain performance through supplier social sustainability: An emerging economy perspective.International Journal of Production Economics,195, pp.259-272. Mani, V., Gunasekaran, A., Papadopoulos, T., Hazen, B. and Dubey, R., 2016. Supply chain social sustainability for developing nations: Evidence from India.Resources, Conservation and Recycling,111, pp.42-52. Monczka, R.M., Handfield, R.B., Giunipero, L.C. and Patterson, J.L., 2015.Purchasing and supply chain management. Cengage Learning. Raut, R.D., Narkhede, B. and Gardas, B.B., 2017. To identify the critical success factors of sustainable supply chain management practices in the context of oil and gas industries: ISM approach.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,68, pp.33-47.

Reference Letter - Bank Officer free essay sample

30 September 2009 Katherine Tiong Vice President Manager, Human Resources Commonwealth Bank Dear Ms. Tiong: I am writing to you in support of Mr. Zhi Cong Yang and his desire to join your company. In his position as USYD Chinese Debating Club Team Leader from 2007 2008, Zhi Cong did an excellent job in his position and indeed was an valuable asset to our club. Hence, I highly recommend that he be given the opportunity to work in your group. Throughout the two-year co-operation with him in the Debating Club, it is undoubtedly that Zhi Cong is an outstanding individual with a strong character. He has the ability to produce impressive results in a wide variety of areas. During his position as a leader, Zhi Cong was responsible for training and supervising all the members and providing them debate skill seminar. In addition to his position, Zhi Cong is also one of our best debaters. We will write a custom essay sample on Reference Letter Bank Officer or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page With a very positive attitude, Zhi Cong had represented us in more than 5 tournaments in Australia and 2 international Chinese debate tournaments. During that time, with a perfect attendance record, he felt volunteering was an important leadership role, in which he learned debating techniques, leadership, club management and communication skills. His experience at Chinese Debating Club provided him with the aptitude that he needs for a future career. I believe Zhi Cong is destined to be a leader in Banking area, and therefore is an excellent candidate for your group. I highly recommend that you consider his application, as he will be a great asset to your company. If you would like further information, please feel free to contact me. Sincerely, Sam Yang Gong

Tess of the DUrbervilles essays

Tess of the D'Urbervilles essays Tess Durbeyfield is a victim of external and inexplicable forces. Throughout Hardys novel, Tess of the dUrbervilles, seemingly insignificant coincidences change Tess life for the worse. The belief that the order of things is already decided and that peoples lives are determined by a "greater power" is called fate. Many people, called fatalists, believe that they have no power in determining their futures. Despite fate, many others believe that coincidence is the only explanation for the way their lives and others turn out. Thomas Hardys portrayal of chance and coincidence can be seen in a number of events that are quite influential and create major effects on Tess future. The first event occurring when Tess Durbeyfields father, discovered that their family came from the oldest, and at one time most wealthy family in England. Parson Tringham reveals this to John Durbeyfield when he states, "lineal representative of the ancient and knightly family of the d'Urbervilles, who . . . came from Normandy with William the Conqueror."(p. 18) This news suddenly changes Durbeyfield's view on his family's lifestyle and he decides that they should be living as their knightly and noble ancestors once did. With this revelation, the downward spiral of Tess life begins. Her once simple life is now trifled with complexity. However, it is primarily the death of the horse, Prince, the Durbeyfields main source of livelihood, that commences the web of circumstance that envelops Tess. Tess views herself as the cause of her familys economic downfall. Filled with guilt, Tess agrees to ask the true dUrbervilles for money, where she meets Alec. This single decision, of sending Tess to the d'Urberville, and making her leave the sheltered life and town of Marlott that she had known for so long would be the change in her life that would lead to so many other events for her. Had...

B300 TMA06 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

B300 TMA06 - Essay Example Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which compose the bulk of the population of the Persian Gulf states, have a rapidly growing export base, as evidenced by a 12 percent increase in exports between 1990 and 1994. The region's international airports--Tehran International, Dubai, Jeddah, and Riyadh International--experienced more than a 50 percent increase in international air passengers between 1988 and 1994. The number of weekly international flights at Tehran International, Dubai International Airport, and Riyadh International increased by 6.3 percent from 1983 to 1993 (Withiam, 1994). In addition, the number of international markets served by Tehran, Dubai, and Riyadh has increased from twenty-two to 102 destinations in more than fifty-seven countries around the world (Journal of Commerce, 1994). Between 1983 and 1993, the region accounted for a 2.1 percent global market share in air passengers, and for 2.3 percent of the world's revenue passenger-kilometers in 1991, In 1992 the port of Sharja in the UAE handled 37,400 ton-equivalent units (TEU), a 146 percent increase over 1991, and about fifty-five thousand TEU in 1993. There is an increased inflow of international investment in this region. The region's major international strengths include oil and natural gas, major international airports, ports along the Persian Gulf, high disposable income per household, an educated labor force, a growing high technology industrial base, and world-class financial centers. In addition, the region is home to many international and regional organizations. In the aftermath of the Arab-Israeli peace accord, people feel more confident about the stability of the region.The region has many weaknesses. These weaknesses include a lack of positive image, a serious need for surface transportation improvements, a lack of efficient and speedy bureaucracies, a perceived high cost of doing business, inadequacies in the workforce, and the absence of a single entity to promote the region internationally. The Persian Gulf region has neither the competitive international reputation nor the economic-development focus of other compe ting regions. As such, it is not a priority location choice for American and Western European investors. The region possesses the basic assets and intellectual talents to compete with any region on the globe. However, it must operate, harmonize, and engage its combined resources to move forward in a deliberate effort to improve its international competitiveness ( Porter, 1986). The Middle East must have a regional business policy which will be crafted by a regional international business council. This business council will be made up of public and private sector representatives. The business council needs to make a long-term commitment to increase the Middle East region's international competitiveness and to develop an integrated strategy for marketing it more effectively. In order to reduce uncertainty and provide greater economic stability, the Gulf countries must unite and develop a business policy that will diversify their economies. For this business policy to work, they need to focus on foreign investment and technology, subsequently enhancing the countries' ability to attract, absorb, and become globally competitive. There are three pending urgent actions that the Gulf countries need to undertake. One, develop a spirit of public and private partnership. Two, improve the region's internat

The Legal Drinking Age Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Legal Drinking Age - Essay Example The country does allow its citizen to do everything else like voting or marrying but they are forbidden to take alcohol until they turn 21. The legal age has always been a subject of discussion but it seems right to believe that if a person is old enough to take part in a war then is definitely old enough to drink as well. In the US, a person is considered adult when he turns 18 years of age. However, it is not legal to drink until a person turns 21. This does not make much sense. When a person can own a car, marry at will and make up his or her mind to adopt or abort children at the age of 18 then he or she should be given the right to drink at the same age where he or she can perform all these different activities as mentioned above (Hanson, 2013). Adults can make the right and wise choices for themselves. It is not right and fair that the government has placed a restriction on drinking up to the age of 21 when people are considered mentally and physically matures at 18 years of age. At 18 years of age young adults can vote and go to war in the United States of America. This means that the government believes that they have the ability to think in order to choose the right candidate or politician to run the country (Thio, 2011). If people have the ability to understand the vision of the politician and they are in the position to understand their body and to consume alcohol to their needs. Placing restrictions on young adults who can vote for the better future of the United States of America by voting but cannot consume alcohol only contradicts the judgment of the law-enforcing agencies in the country. If they are big enough to vote then they are big enough to drink alcohol (Thio, 2011). More confusing is the fact that in the United States of America an 18-year-old young adult could go to war in Iraq and Afghanistan but cannot drink a mug of beer.  

Homogenized Mushroom Tissue Based Biosensors

Homogenized Mushroom Tissue Based Biosensors ABSTRACT Homogenized mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) tissue based biosensors by using plant tissue materials is a relatively new development in the biosensor technology. A simple in dip stick kind of visual ethanol biosensor that based on immobalised alcohol oxidase (AOX) homogenized from mushroom tissue onto polyaniline (PANI) film for ethanol (> 5% concentration ) detection in toiletries products. The colour going to change from green to blue due to response of biosensor to the ethanol and the change of colour can be seen by naked eyes. Regarding the enzymatic reaction of ethanol, acetaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide will produced, then PANI film is latter going to be oxidised. The method used to immobalise AOX onro the PANI film is by adsorption. Regarding immobilisation process, AOX solution need to deposit on the PANI film and then left it at room temperature within 30 minutes until it dry. Scan and analyse the changes film’s colour to obtain the biosensor’s response characteris tics toward the ethanol. The biosensor respond. Therefore, this simple visual biosensor is suitable for all-range-aged community to determine the safeness of certain toiletries products from the ethanol. Keywords : Biosensor; Alcohol Oxidase Ethanol; Mushroom Tissue; Polyaniline; Toiletries 6.0Â  EXPERIMENTAL 6.1Â  Chemicals 10-40 units/mg protein of Alcohol Oxidase or simply called (AOX) (A2404, EC1.1.3.13) which extract from mushroom (A. Bisporus). These mushroom can be bought at fresh market as culture vegetables. Before use make sure store it at 4Â °C. In order to immobalization use 225 bloom of gelatin from calf skin and 25.0% glutaraldehyde. Ascorbic acid, 2-propanol, D-glucose, n-butanol and many more chemicals needed can be purchased from Sigma, St. Louis, USA. Aniline with AR-grade, gallic acid (G7384) and l-cysteine (W326305) can be purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA). Ethanol which contain >99.5%, methanol, orthophosphoric acid (85%) and sodium hydroxide (pellets) can be delivered by Merck (Nottingham, UK). All needed chemicals are from commercial source which in analytical grade. Millipore Direct-QTM 5 purification system provide the Milli-Q water. Prepare ethanol’s stock solutions in 0.1 M phosphate buffer at suitable pH daily and store it in refrigerator at 4 Â °C. For pH studies, 0.1 M of the phosphate buffer solutions with pH values between 4 and 8 were can be used and to measure the pH value, use commercial glass electrode and pH-meter (model 9318, Hanna Instruments, Woonsocket, RL, USA) and calibrate it at the pH values of 4.00, 7.00 and 9.00. 6.2Â  Homogenization of Mushroom Tissue Homogenize 200 mg mushroom tissue in the 400ml phosphate buffer. Mix this 300 ml homogenate and 10 mg gelatin. Incubate it for 5 minutes at 38Â °C to make sure the gelatin is dissolved. 6.3Â  Preparation of Polyaniline (PANI) Film In order to prevent bumping in the aniline, purify the aniline with vigorous and rapid stirring by distilled under vacuum. Prepare PANI dispersion as nanofibre and Huang and Karner (2006) already mention the method to should to be used to build it. Mix 3.2 mmol or 0.3 g of purified aniline with 10 mL of 1.0M Hydrochloric Acid (HCL). Mix 0.8 mmol or 0.18 g of Ammonium peroxydisulfate into another 10 mL aliquot acid solutions. Add aniline-acid to oxidant and these two solution will mix rapidly within 30 seconds and then allow it to react in undisturbed overnight condition. On the next day, wash the polyaniline by using water and centrifuged. Supernatant liquor with pH 3.3 and strong green colour will form and it is indicate as the PANI particles which can be observed after several times of washing. Any remaining particles with size larger than 1ÃŽ ¼m must be removed before casting by passing the dispersion through a 55-mm glass fiber filter (Whatman GFA, Kent, UK) which is attach to va cuum source. Cast directly PANI dispersion on a substrate of polystyrene and then, left the thin film of PANI that on the sheet of polystyrene in the dark to dry after cut it into individual in 10mm2 size. Next, store that ready film at 4Â °C. The thickness must be 0.7ÃŽ ¼m and use SEM images to determine it. To make sure the thickness of the film is always in the same magnitude order, it must be determined routinely. Then, choose 0.7 ÃŽ ¼m thickness of PANI film to use for the further experiment result in good of PANI film fabrication reproducibility. 6.4Â  Enzyme Immobilization Immerse the PANI film in 0.1 M phosphate buffer which have pH 7.0 to make sure the condition of PANI film is at natural condition which means at pH 7.0. After that, deposit appropriate concentration about 10 ÃŽ ¼L of AOX solution which is from homogenate of mushroom tissues and phosphate buffer on the PANI film and left it to dry within 30 minutes. For the further use, store this PANI film with immobilised AOX at 4 Â °C. 6.5Â  Biosensor Construction Construct a dip stick test visual biosensor of PANI film with immobilized AOX as Figure 1, connect AOX/PANI film with a handle which made by cellulose paper or can use transparent plastic tape. To way to use this this dip-stick format visual biosensor by just dipping this kind of biosensor into the toiletries sample solution for a several seconds (Â ±5 s), then the change of colour can be seen by baked eye if the concentration of ethanol is >5% since that only amount allowed to be in toiletries products and use image analysis for the quantitative measurement change of colour. (a)(b) Figure 1: (a) dip stick format of biosensor (b) dip biosensor into toiletries sample solution (Kuswandi et.al,2014) 6.6 Colour Change Recording See the change of colour by naked eye during alcohol detection since this biosensor is kind of visual mode. Use scanner for example Canon, Cano Scan, Japan and Tokyo for quantification of colour measurements. The presence of ethanol exceed 5% of concentration in toiletries sample solutions will change the colour of the biosensor from green to blue. The detection can be done by dipped the biosensor which in the form of dip stick test in the sample solutions in 5 seconds. Use ImageJ program which can be used as online applet, free download application or can be used in any computer together with Java 5 (Dougherty, 2009 Rueden et.al, 2007) in order to assess the colour after it has been scanned. The purpose s to determine the mean RGB colour value. 7.0Â  EXPECTED RESULT The expected result from this research is the colour of dip stick AOX/PANI film biosensor will change from green to blue if there presence of >5% of ethanol in toiletries products after the biosensor is dipped into the toiletries sample solutions for 5 seconds. Since this is the visual mode biosensor, the change of colour can easily seen by naked eyes. On the hand, use scanner (Canon, Cano Scan, Japan, Tokyo) for quantitative colour measurement and then use ImageJ program to assess the colour change of biosensor and to determine the mean RGB colour value. (Collins, 2007)

Cocaine and the Brain: The Neurobiology of Addiction Essay -- Biology

Cocaine and the Brain: The Neurobiology of Addiction In the eyes of the public, the word addict stirs up a negative image: a person of low moral character who willfully chooses to engage in questionable behavior. This image is perpetuated in the media; on a recent episode of E.R., the chief surgeon criticizes another doctor for allowing a heroin addict (who has been treated for an abscess) to exchange a dirty needle, explaining "we donà ¢t want these low-lives hanging around the hospital." The social stigma attached to addicts reflects the great gap that exists between scientific knowledge and public perception of addiction. Just as mental illness was viewed as a social problem instead of a medical issue until the last several decades, drug addiction continues to be seen as a character flaw instead of as the biological problem that it is. As defined by the American Psychiatric Association, addiction is a "chronically relapsing disorder that is characterized by three major elements: (a) compulsion to seek and take the drug, (b) loss of control in limiting intake, and (c) emergence of a negative emotional state when access to the drug is prevented" (1). This disorder results from the repeated use of a drug over a prolonged period of time, causing physical changes in the brain. Perhaps the most addictive of drugs is cocaine. Cocaine acts on the mesoaccumbens dopamine (DA) pathway of the midbrain, extending from the ventral tegumental area (VTA) to the nucleus accumbens (NAc). (2). This pathway is also known as the reward pathway as it is the area of the brain that is activated when someone has a pleasurable experience such as eating, sex, or receiving praise. (NOTE: The reward pathway was discovered through the technique of... ...se%2fform%2facademic%2fs_genjourn_more.html%25a3AD_FORM%25a4s_genjourn%25a3T1%25a4cocaine%20addiction%25a3S1%25a4Title%25a3S2%25a4AND%25a3T2%25a4Morris%2c%20Kelly%25a3S3%25a4author%25a3S4%25a4AND%25a3T3%25a4%25a3S5%25a4Title%25a3date%25a4AFT%25a3after%25a45%3aYR%25a3frm_rng%25a4%25a3to_rng%25a4%25a3srccat%25a4GENMED%3bALLJNL%25a3source%25a4$srccat%25a3pubtitle%25a4%22The%20Lancet%22%25a3srclf%25a4%25a3srclf_group%25a4%25a3srclf_title%25a4%25a3&wchp=dGLSzS-lSlAl&_md5=9d45ca951ebfccd3b6596b38d0b83ce7 19) Combining Drug Counseling Methods Proves Effective in Treating Cocaine Addiction , Information on drug counseling http://www.nida.nih.gov/NIDA_Notes/NNVol14N5/Combining.html 20) Coping Skills Help Patients Recognize and Resist the Urge to Use Cocaine , Information on therapy for cue-induced relapse http://www.nida.nih.gov/NIDA_Notes/NNVol13N6/Coping.html

Africans in the Berlin Conference

Africans in the Berlin Conference The Berlin Conference of 1884-1885 established most of the borders of contemporary nation-states on the African continents today. The Conference set in motion the â€Å"scramble for Africa. † Out of the 14 African states no African leader was present at the conference to assert claims to territory and to agree to regulations on trading. Five of the states at the conference did not even end up with any colonies but had more of a say than all the African leaders. The boundaries in Africa, drawn during the Berlin Conference, greatly attributed to the political unrest in Africa.During the Berlin Conference all the participants signed a notion that said they could not have colonies unless they have full control of the territory they encompassed. The European powers had to send expeditionary forces to pacify what were called their African â€Å"spheres of influence. † This process was bloody and ugly due to the amount of Africans fighting bac k. These pacifications lasted all the way up to World War 1. These uprisings caused anarchy in some places in Africa. Only Ethiopia successfully kept their freedom militarily. But all across Africa, hundreds of polities large, and small fought to destroy these superimposed boundaries.Pre-existing political entities found themselves arbitrarily or deliberately divided in two, three, or even four parts. The main Hausa territories were split between French Niger and British Nigeria, the Maasai suddenly had to practice nomadic pastoralism across a line between German and British East Africa. Conflicts in Africa could definitely were partly caused by boundaries drawn during the Berlin Conference. Uganda’s numerous civil conflicts are pure evidence. Also the Nigerian Civil War of 1967-1971 can partly be traced back to the Berlin Conference.Conflicts between states also can be traced to the Conference because of the ridiculous political geography they put in place. Examples of these conflicts are Cameroon and Libya’s with Chad. The finger of Namibia that sticks out across the top of Botswana, known as the Caprivi Strip has been a geopolitical hotspot ever since it appeared on the map. The Berlin Conference was a very unjust and unethical. They drew out boundaries for Africa without the African leaders consent and then took over all of the nations. The Berlin Conference was definitely connected to the political unrest in Africa.

Calculating Limiting Reactant of a Chemical Reaction

Chemical reactions rarely occur when exactly the right amount of reactants will react together to form products. One reactant will be used up before another runs out. This reactant is known as the limiting reactant. Strategy This is a strategy to follow when determining which reactant is the limiting reactant.Consider the reaction:2 H2(g) O2(g) → 2 H2O(l)If 20 grams of H2 gas is reacted with 96 grams of O2 gas, Which reactant is the limiting reactant?How much of the excess reactant remains?How much H2O is produced? To determine which reactant is the limiting reactant, first determine how much product would be formed by each reactant if all the reactant was consumed. The reactant that forms the least amount of product will be the limiting reactant. Calculate the yield of each reactant. The mole ratios between each reactant and the product are needed to complete the calculation:The mole ratio between H2 and H2O is 1 mol H2/1 mol H2OThe mole ratio between O2 and H2O is 1 mol O2/2 mol H2OThe molar masses of each reactant and product are also needed:molar mass of H2 2 gramsmolar mass of O2 32 gramsmolar mass of H2O 18 gramsHow much H2O is formed from 20 grams H2?grams H2O 20 grams H2 x (1 mol H2/2 g H2) x (1 mol H2O/1 mol H2) x (18 g H2O/1 mol H2O)All the units except grams H2O cancel out, leavinggrams H2O (20 x 1/2 x 1 x 18) grams H2Ograms H2O 180 grams H2OHow much H2O is formed from 96 grams O2?grams H2O 20 grams H2 x (1 mol O2/32 g O2) x (2 mol H2O/1 mol O2) x (18 g H2O/1 mol H2O)grams H2O (96 x 1/32 x 2 x 18) grams H2Ograms H2O 108 grams O2O Much more water is formed from 20 grams of H2 than 96 grams of O2. Oxygen is the limiting reactant. After 108 grams of H2O forms, the reaction stops. To determine the amount of excess H2 remaining, calculate how much H2 is needed to produce 108 grams of H2O.grams H2 108 grams H2O x (1 mol H2O/18 grams H2O) x (1 mol H2/1 mol H2O) x (2 grams H2/1 mol H2)All the units except grams H2 cancel out, leavinggrams H2 (108 x 1/18 x 1 x 2) grams H2grams H2 (108 x 1/18 x 1 x 2) grams H2grams H2 12 grams H2It takes 12 grams of H2 to complete the reaction. The amount remaining isgrams remaining total grams - grams usedgrams remaining 20 grams - 12 gramsgrams remaining 8 gramsThere will be 8 grams of excess H2 gas at the end of the reaction.There is enough information to answer the question.The limiting reactant was O2.There will be 8 grams H2 remaining.There will be 108 grams H2O formed by the reaction. Finding the limiting reactant is a relatively simple exercise. Calculate the yield of each reactant as if it were completely consumed. The reactant that produces the least amount of product limit the reaction. More For more examples, check out Limiting Reactant Example Problem and Aqueous Solution Chemical Reaction Problem. Test your new skills by answering  Theoretical Yield and Limiting Reaction Test Questions. Sources Vogel, A. I.; Tatchell, A. R.; Furnis, B. S.; Hannaford, A. J.; Smith, P. W. G. Vogels Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry, 5th Edition. Pearson, 1996, Essex, U.K.Whitten, K.W., Gailey, K.D. and Davis, R.E. General Chemistry, 4th Edition. Saunders College Publishing, 1992, Philadelphia.Zumdahl, Steven S. Chemical Principles, 4th Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, 2005, New York.